16. What is exception handling?
Exception halding is the ability of a program to intercept run-time errors and other unusual conditions detectable by the program and take corrective measures then continue which is an obvious aid to reliability.
17. Why is readability important to writability?
Readability is important to writability because programs that are difficult to read will be difficult to be written or modified.
18. How is the cost of compilers for a given language related to the design of that language?
The cost of compilers for a given language is related to the design of it because a languange that requires many run-time type checks will prohibit fast code execution, regardless of the quality of the compiler.
19. What have been the strongest influences on programming language design over the past 50 years?
The shift in major cost of computing from hardware to software. The cost of hardware decreased and programmer cost increased, while th increase of productivity were relatively small. In addition, larger and more complex problems were solved by computers, such as providing airline reservation system.
20. What is the name of the category of programming languages whose structure is dictated by the von Neumann computer architecture?
A language is called Imperative if it is designed around the prevalent computer architecture. In von Neumann computer, both data and programs are stored in the same memory. While The CPU is separated. Therefore, the instructions and data must be transmitted to the CPU and sent back to the memory after it is processed in the CPU.
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